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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0070, 2022. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407683

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Chlorpromazine is a medication widely used in psychiatry for the treatment of psychoses, especially schizophrenia. Since 1964, published articles have been correlating this medication with the appearance of ocular alterations. In this paper, we report the case of a 65-year-old patient with ocular effects due to long-term therapy with chlorpromazine. Biomicroscopy of both eyes presented diffuse granular brown deposits, most prominent at the deep stroma and corneal endothelium level. Also showed anterior subcapsular brown deposits with a stellate pattern in the lens. The total amount exceeds 2.000g (significant for the ocular alterations described) considering the patient's daily dosage of chlorpromazine of 300mg for ten years. After performing complete ophthalmic evaluation and discarding other causes for the ocular deposits, we diagnosed a secondary corneal deposit and cataract due to the use of chlorpromazine. This case reinforces the importance of periodic follow-up with an ophthalmologist for chlorpromazine users to trace ocular changes, heeding the exposure time and its dosage.


RESUMO A clorpromazina é uma medicação muito empregada na psiquiatria para tratamento de psicoses, especialmente em casos de esquizofrenia. Desde 1964 existem artigos publicados que correlacionam o uso dessa medicação com o aparecimento de alterações oculares. Neste trabalho, relatamos o caso de um paciente de 65 anos com efeitos oculares devido à terapia de longo prazo com clorpromazina. A biomicroscopia de ambos os olhos apresentou depósitos granulares difusos e de cor marrom, mais proeminente ao nível do estroma profundo e do endotélio da córnea, além de depósitos castanhos subcapsulares anteriores centrais em um padrão estrelado no cristalino. Considerando a dose diária de clorpromazina de 300mg por 10 anos usada pelo paciente, a quantidade total ultrapassa 2.000g (dose considerada significativa para as alterações oculares descritas). Após avaliação oftalmológica completa e descartado outras causas desses depósitos oculares, foram diagnosticados depósito corneano e catarata secundários ao uso de clorpromazina. O caso apresentado reforça a importância do acompanhamento oftalmolÓgico periÓdico de usuários de clorpromazina para o rastreio de alteraçÕes oculares, atentando-se ao tempo de exposição à droga e à posologia da mesma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Cataract/chemically induced , Chlorpromazine/adverse effects , Chlorpromazine/toxicity , Cornea/drug effects , Corneal Diseases/chemically induced , Corneal Opacity/chemically induced , Pigmentation Disorders/chemically induced , Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Antipsychotic Agents/toxicity , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Bipolar Disorder/drug therapy , Visual Acuity , Chlorpromazine/administration & dosage , Chlorpromazine/therapeutic use , Corneal Diseases/diagnosis , Corneal Opacity/diagnosis , Slit Lamp , Slit Lamp Microscopy
2.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 75(2): 115-120, Mar.-Apr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-779969

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a irritação ocular aguda em coelhos, após a administração tópica de óleo essencial. Métodos: Para tanto, os animais foram divididos em três grupos, cada um com três coelhos, totalizando 6 olhos por grupo, e a diferença entre eles foi a concentração utilizada ( 1, 3 e 9%). Aplicou-se no saco conjuntival, de um dos olhos do animal, uma dose única de 0,1 ml do produto e o olho contralateral foi usado como controle. Analisou-se os efeitos causados pelo óleo essencial na conjuntiva, íris e córnea após 1, 24, 48, 72 horas e no final do sétimo dia após a aplicação tópica. As avaliações oftalmológicas foram feitas com o auxílio de um oftalmoscópio binocular indireto com e sem fluoresceína. As reações observadas foram graduadas segundo a escala de Draize. Foram realizados exames anatomopatológicos em todos os olhos estudados no final do experimento. Resultados: No grupo de animais submetidos à instilação ocular do óleo essencial a 1%, não se observou alterações. O tratamento com o óleo a 3% provocou alteração conjuntival no exame feito em 1 hora, o que foi reduzindo. A administração do óleo essencial a 9% induziu hiperemia conjuntival, não havendo qualquer alteração nos outros tempos de avaliação oftalmológica. Conclusão: A avaliação contribuiu para conhecer as alterações clínicas na superfície ocular. Desta forma, foi possível classificar o óleo a 1% como não irritante e nas concentrações de 3 e 9% como pouco irritante, tornando possível estudos clínicos, a fim de estabelecer o óleo como alternativa terapêutica em conjuntivites bacterianas.


ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate acute eye irritation in rabbits following topical administration of essential oil. Methods: animals were divided into three groups, each containing three rabbits, with a total of 6 eyes per group. The difference between them was the concentration used (1, 3 and 9%). A single dose of 0.1 ml of the product was applied into the conjunctival sac of one eye of the animal, and the contralateral eye was used as control. The effects caused by the essential oil in the conjunctiva, iris and cornea were analyzed after 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours and at the end of the seventh day after topical application. Ophthalmologic evaluations were performed with the aid of a binocular indirect ophthalmoscope fluorescein and with and without the observed responses, before being graded according to the Draize scale. Pathological examinations were performed on all eyes studied at the end of the experiment. Results: in the group of animals subjected to the ocular instillation of 1% essential oil, there was no change. For treatment with 3% oil, conjunctival changes were found to be decreasing during the examination after 1 hour. Administration of the 9%essential oil induced conjunctival injection, without any change in the other ophthalmologic evaluation times. Conclusion: the evaluation contributed to meet the clinical changes in the ocular surface. Thus, it was possible to classify the oil at 1% as non-irritating and the concentration of 3% and 9 as mildly irritating, making it possible for clinical studies to establish the oil as an alternative therapy in bacterial conjunctivitis.


Subject(s)
Animals , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Iris/drug effects , Conjunctiva/drug effects , Cornea/drug effects , Origanum , Ophthalmoscopy , Rabbits , Plant Oils/administration & dosage , Oils, Volatile/administration & dosage , Conjunctivitis, Bacterial , Iritis/chemically induced , Administration, Topical , Toxicity Tests/methods , Corneal Opacity/chemically induced , Fluorescein , Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship , Hyperemia/chemically induced , Irritants/toxicity
3.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2005 Jun; 53(2): 121-3
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-70607

ABSTRACT

We report a patient who had earlier penetrating keratoplasty with amniotic membrane transplant and autologous limbal cell transplant for chemical injury who underwent cataract surgery by phacoaspiration. A posterior limbal incision with corneal valve was made superotemporally with extreme caution to avoid damage to the limbal graft. Aspiration flow rates and vacuum were kept low to avoid any turbulence during surgery. A 6.0 mm optic diameter acrylic foldable intraocular lens was inserted in the bag. The patient achieved a best-corrected visual acuity of 6/12 at 10 months' follow-up with a clear corneal graft. We conclude that caution during wound construction and phacoaspiration can help preserve corneal and limbal graft integrity in patients undergoing cataract surgery after corneal graft and limbal transplantation.


Subject(s)
Adult , Amnion/transplantation , Burns, Chemical/surgery , Cell Transplantation , Corneal Opacity/chemically induced , Epithelium, Corneal/transplantation , Eye Burns/chemically induced , Humans , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/methods , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Limbus Corneae/cytology , Male , Phacoemulsification , Postoperative Care , Transplantation, Autologous
4.
Vet. Méx ; 25(3): 239-41, jul.-sept. 1994. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-187969

ABSTRACT

En este trabajo se seleccionó al gato doméstico, debido a que la población felina tiene amplia distribución dentro de las granjas porcinas, principalmente por ser usada como control de roedores. Quince gatos adultos fueron inoculados con 4 ml de paramixovirus de ojo azul (POA) con un título de 10 DICC/ml por vía intranasal aplicado como bomba de aspersión. A los 0, 14 y 21 días (PI) se obtuvieron muestras séricas para detección de anticuerpos contra POA por las pruebas de inhibición de la hemoglutinación beta (IHA) y seroneutralización método beta (SN). Para el aislamiento viral se tomó hisoponasal y ocular a los 4 días, y biopsia de tonsila a los 7 días. Los animales fueron sacrificados a los 21 días posinoculación (PI). Se tomaron muestras de encéfalo, pulmón y tonsila para las prueba de inmunofluorescencia (IF) directa y para estudio histopatológico (HP). Todas las muestras de biopsia de tonsila e hisopo nasal y ocular fueron negativas en cultivo celular (CC) en los tres pases ciegos. En la prueba de IHA se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: el primer muestreo fue negativo y el segundo y tercero detectaron títulos entre 1:6 y 1:192. En las SN, el primer muestreo fue negativo y en el segundo y tercero se detectaron títulos entre 1:4 y 1:64. La IF directa de órganos fue negativa para pulmón, tonsila y encéfalo. En el estudio HP no hubo cambios significativos. De los resultados obtenidos se concluye que el gato tiene la capacidad de seroconvertir a POA sin ser necesariamente un portador


Subject(s)
Cats , Newcastle disease virus/immunology , Newcastle disease virus/pathogenicity , Encephalitis Viruses/pathogenicity , Immunization Schedule , Corneal Opacity/etiology , Corneal Opacity/chemically induced , Corneal Opacity/veterinary , Reproduction/immunology
5.
PJO-Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology. 1987; 3 (2): 48-9
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-9613

ABSTRACT

Three women on chloroquine therapy, two 58-and 61-year-old, with rheumatoid arthritis, and one, 62-year-old, with systemic lupus erythematosus developed ocular complications. One patient developed cornea verticillata-like deposits in her corneas, which did not affect her sight. Two patients developed irreversible visual loss and showed typical [bull's eye] lesions in the central retina. The discontinuation of drug led to clearance of corneal deposits but did not effect the visual and retinal changes. Regular ocular examinations during chloroquine [or its derivatives] therapy are essential. The careful evaluations of visual acuity, visual fields, color vision [blue-yellow dyschromatopsia], and electrooculogram are helpful in the early detection of chloroquine toxicity


Subject(s)
Corneal Opacity/chemically induced
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